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A judgment is a crucial part of a civil lawsuit and is delivered before the court prepares a decree. The term "Judgment" is explained in Section 2(9) and Order 20 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908. According to Section 2(9) of the Code, a judgment includes the facts of the case, the key issues, the evidence presented by both sides, and the court’s decision on those issues based on the evidence and arguments made. Every judgment must contain a summary....
Read MoreThe Supreme Court of India addressed the persistent issue of Delhi’s deteriorating air quality, particularly the contribution of farm fires in neighboring states. The bench, led by Justices Abhay Oka and Augustine George Masih, examined the complex sources of pollution and directed specific actions for the states of Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh. Not Solely Blaming One State: The Supreme Court made it clear that farm fires in Punjab are not the only cause of Delhi's air pollution crisis during....
Read MoreKerala court has issued non-bailable warrants against Baba Ramdev and Acharya Balkrishna, key figures behind Patanjali Ayurved, after their non-appearance in a criminal case filed by the Kerala Drugs Inspector. The case involves allegations against Divya Pharmacy (an affiliate of Patanjali) for publishing misleading medical advertisements in violation of the Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements) Act, 1954. The Drugs Inspector filed a complaint under Section 3 of the Act, which prohibits the advertisement of drugs that claim to cure....
Read MoreIn a civil case, one party (the plaintiff) initiates a lawsuit against another party (the defendant), and the court determines their respective rights and obligations. The general rule is that the plaintiff, as the "dominus litis" (master of the suit), has the right to choose whom to sue and cannot be forced to include others unless legally required. Rules for Adding Parties Order 1 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC) governs the inclusion, removal, and substitution of parties.....
Read MoreWhat is an Interpleader Suit? An interpleader suit is a legal action where the real dispute is not between the plaintiff (the person filing the suit) and the defendant(s) but between multiple defendants who are claiming the same property or money. Unlike an ordinary lawsuit, the plaintiff in an interpleader suit is not personally involved in the conflict but simply brings the case to court to determine the rightful owner. Legal Meaning of Interpleader To interplead means to litigate with....
Read MoreThe Waqf (Amendment) Bill, which seeks to amend the Waqf Act of 1995, has successfully passed through the Joint Parliamentary Committee (JPC) after months of discussions and deliberations. The bill aims to address the challenges of regulating and managing Waqf properties, which are Muslim charitable properties in India. However, the major amendments approved by the ruling BJP-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) coalition, while opposition suggestions were rejected. Overview of the Waqf Amendment Bill The Waqf (Amendment) Bill, 2024, introduced by....
Read MoreIn a recent development, the Supreme Court of India, directed the Union Government to provide data on criminal cases registered across the country for the pronouncement of "triple talaq" under the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019. The bench, comprising Chief Justice of India (CJI) Sanjiv Khanna and Justice Sanjay Kumar, passed the direction during the hearing of petitions filed by several Muslim organizations challenging the constitutionality of the 2019 Act. The Act criminalizes the practice of....
Read MoreCustodial torture and deaths remain a concern in many legal systems, where the law strives to protect the fundamental rights of every individual, especially during police custody. The recent Supreme Court ruling in the case of Indira Vs. State Human Rights Commission (SLP(C) No. 7800-7802/2024) sheds light on the complex issues surrounding custodial torture, the responsibility of law enforcement, and the protection of individual rights under the Indian Constitution. Case Overview: Custodial Death and Allegations of Torture The case revolved....
Read MoreThe Court directed the Union Government to consider enacting a law to safeguard the rights of domestic workers, who continue to face exploitation and abuse due to the lack of legal protection. This move comes after the Court's observations during a criminal appeal in a case Ajay Mallik v State of Uttarakhand SLP(Crl) 8777/2022the wrongful confinement and trafficking of a female domestic worker. The Need for Protection of Domestic Workers The Supreme Court’s bench, comprising Justice Surya Kant and Justice....
Read MoreThe Supreme Court of India has recently delivered an important judgment in a case JUST RIGHTS FOR CHILDREN ALLIANCE vs. S. HARISH 2024 Live Law (SC) 728 that highlights the limits of claiming "ignorance of law" as a defense, especially when it comes to the possession or storage of child pornography. This ruling serves as a critical reminder that the law is clear, and unawareness of its provisions cannot be used as an excuse to avoid criminal liability. Case Overview:....
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